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CMYK

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整理和复习

第4课时 图形的认识与测量(4)

基础训练

1. 选择题。

(1) 观察下面立体图形,从右面看,看到的形状相同的是( A )。

Four 3D shapes (①, ②, ③, ④) made of unit cubes, viewed from the right side.
Four 3D shapes (①, ②, ③, ④) made of unit cubes, viewed from the right side.

A. ①和③

B. ①和②

C. ②和④

D. ③和④

(2) 用5块体积都是 1 \text{ cm}^3 的正方体积木搭建一个模型,下图分别是从上面和左面看到的图形,这个图形可能是( D )。

Top view and left view of a 3D shape made of 5 unit cubes.
Top view and left view of a 3D shape made of 5 unit cubes.
Four 3D shapes (A, B, C, D) made of unit cubes.
Four 3D shapes (A, B, C, D) made of unit cubes.

(3) 一个物体从上面和正面看到的形状如图,它的体积是( C ) \text{cm}^3

Top view of a cylinder (diameter 10 cm) and front view of a triangle (height 12 cm).
Top view of a cylinder (diameter 10 cm) and front view of a triangle (height 12 cm).

A. 1256 B. 2286 C. 314 D. 120

2. 把下面图形折成一个正方体后, B面所对的是哪一个面? D面所对的是哪一个面? 如果E面在底部, 那么哪一个面在上面?

B面所对的是A面; D面所对的是F面; 如果E面在底部, 那么C面在上面。

Net of a cube showing faces A, B, C, D, E, F.
Net of a cube showing faces A, B, C, D, E, F.

3. 在方格纸上分别画出下面立体图形从正面、左面、上面看到的图形。

A 3D shape made of unit cubes, and a grid for drawing its views (正面, 左面, 上面).
A 3D shape made of unit cubes, and a grid for drawing its views (正面, 左面, 上面).

能力提升

4. 淘气把一个圆锥形的铅锤放入一个底面周长是 25.12 \text{ cm} 的圆柱形烧杯里,然后倒入水,使水面没过铅锤,当把铅锤完全拿出水面以后(铅锤带出的水忽略不计),水面下降了 0.75 \text{ cm} 。这个铅锤的体积是多少?量得铅锤的底面直径是 4 \text{ cm} ,铅锤的高是多少?

25.12 \div 3.14 \div 2 = 4 (\text{cm})

\text{体积: } 3.14 \times 4^2 \times 0.75 = 37.68 (\text{cm}^3)

\text{高: } 37.68 \times 3 \div [3.14 \times (4 \div 2)^2] = 9 (\text{cm})

5. 下图是一个圆柱形油桶的展开图(接头处、铁皮厚度忽略不计),求这个油桶的体积。(单位: \text{dm} )

展开图 of a cylindrical oil drum, showing the rectangular side and two circular bases. The circumference of the base is 16.56 dm.
展开图 of a cylindrical oil drum, showing the rectangular side and two circular bases. The circumference of the base is 16.56 dm.

16.56 \div (3.14 + 1) = 4 (\text{dm})

3.14 \times (4 \div 2)^2 \times (4 \times 2) = 100.48 (\text{dm}^3)

思维拓展

6. 一个由若干个小正方体搭成的立体图形,从正面和上面看到的图形如下图。搭这个立体图形最少需要( 7 )个小正方体,最多需要( 9 )个小正方体。

Two views of a 3D shape made of unit cubes: Front view and Top view.
Two views of a 3D shape made of unit cubes: Front view and Top view.

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